However, the measurements were restricted on superficial vessels, and ultrasonic signal requires calibration as a function of the flow speed under steady flow conditions. By this method, they have demonstrated the potential of evaluating the differences of the biophysical properties of cardiovascular diseases’ blood samples. In this work, a simple speckle analysis based on a microfluidic measurement method to detect the hyperaggregation caused by diabetes was used. A clear example that the electrical behavior of blood can help in the clinical diagnosis is the work developed by Yeom et al., (2015). Several impedance measurements can be related to RBCs behavior, for example, the electrical impedance of blood flow increases at low shear rates because of RBC aggregation. Note that the electrical properties of blood tend to change due to hemorheological variations of the RBCs behavior and blood plasma. Likewise, the electrical blood behavior can be used to help in the isolation of plasma and populations of blood cells and to quantify hemorheological properties. (2019) have demonstrated that blood viscosity and RBC aggregation increase with the decreasing of the RBCs deformability, by using blood samples from subjects with sickle cell anemia. Lee et al., 2019 have performed a review with the most recent clinical studies of diabetic kidney disease associated with hemorheological parameters, demonstrating that critical shear-rate and –stress, measured by a microfluidic aggregometry, aggregation index and RBC deformability elongation index, measured by a microfluidic ektacytometry, must be combined as a tool for a successful diagnosis of disease stage and possible derivate complications.
Obesity-related blood rheological disturbances are currently being investigated as one of the risk factors for several co-morbid pathologies because they play a significant role in microcirculation blood flow. Blood and plasma viscosity are risk factors essentially, for example for atherosclerosis and other studies exposed that RBCs rheological changes have been observed in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which are diseases more often associated with obesity. Hemorheological alterations in the majority of metabolic diseases are always connected with blood rheology disturbances, such as the increase of blood and plasma viscosity, cell aggregation enhancement, and reduction of the red blood cells (RBCs) deformability.
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